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当肠道菌群“对话”大脑:情绪益生菌PS128为孤独症干预打开新窗口

新闻报道:当肠道菌群“对话”大脑:情绪益生菌PS128为孤独症干预打开新窗口


20251122日至23日,山东省转化医学学会儿科分会第二次学术会议在山东大学齐鲁医院齐鲁楼会议中心顺利召开。会议汇集了国内儿童医学及肠道微生态领域的多位知名专家学者,围绕肠道微生态研究的最新进展及临床应用难点展开深入探讨,通过多场专题报告与学术交流,共同推动儿童微生态相关研究与临床实践的融合发展。

学术讲座环节由香港中文大学苏奇教授以“自闭症(孤独症)与肠道菌群失调”为题拉开序幕,系统阐述了孤独症临床症状与特定肠道菌群的关联。

自闭症又称孤独症,是一种以语言交流障碍、重复刻板行为、兴趣狭窄及社交能力减退为核心症状的中枢神经系统发育障碍性疾病。孤独症的病因尚未明确,但近年来研究不断提示,肠道菌群可能与孤独症的发病机制密切相关,甚至可以通过“肠脑轴”影响大脑功能。肠道微生物能通过神经、免疫和代谢信号三条通路与中枢神经系统形成双向调控网络(即肠脑轴机制),如果肠道菌群失调,异常代谢产物可能影响神经递质合成及神经发育过程,从而对儿童的认知、语言及行为功能产生影响。越来越多的研究发现利用情绪益生菌等肠道微生态干预方法可以帮助恢复肠道微生物平衡,进而通过肠脑对话,调节大脑功能。

在众多情绪益生菌中,情绪益生菌PS128表现尤为突出。其核心菌株植物乳杆菌PS128是蔡英杰教授团队从上千株候选菌株中通过细胞实验和动物模型等科学实验,一步步筛选出的具有神经改善功能的功能性菌株。在动物实验中发现,植物乳杆菌PS128 能够缓解幼年生活压力小鼠的类抑郁行为,改善大鼠内脏过度敏感的肠易激综合症,并且改善类帕金森病小鼠的运动障碍。此外,研究人员还观察到与精神类疾病密切相关的肾上腺皮质醇、多巴胺、血清素以及脑源性神经营养因子BDNF浓度的正向改变。这些发现为情绪益生菌PS128(植物乳杆菌PS128)参与神经精神疾病调控提供了重要实验依据,并推动了后续临床研究的开展。

在一项情绪益生菌干预自闭症的随机双盲对照试验中,纳入了 71 715 岁的孤独症确诊患儿进行为期四周的临床研究。实验前后,通过医师问诊和家长填写4 种受国际认可的孤独症与儿童行为评估问卷进行系统评估。结果发现,PS128 组患儿的典型症状,如重复固定动作以及强迫特定喜好得到改善,社交互动也明显进步并且明显减少过动、焦虑、违规及对立反抗行为。

展望未来,随着肠道微生态研究的不断深化以及临床证据的持续积累,以情绪益生菌PS128为代表的微生物干预策略正逐渐成为儿童神经发育健康管理的重要研究方向,并有望推动我国儿科精神卫生领域迈向新的发展阶段。

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